Apparatus for mercerizing.



lo. 694,m9. Patented Fem 25, |902;

A. mmus.-4 I

APPARATUS FRIERGEBIZING.

(Application med Nov. 28, 1901.) (no Modal.)

TH: Nonms PETERS co. Puoalmo.. wAsngNofu-N. n, cA

UNTTED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALBERT RMER, OF OBERDOLLENDORF-ON-THE-RHINE, GERMANY,

VAPPARATUS FOR MERCERIZING.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 694,109,dated February 25, 1902. Application tiled November 23, 1901l Serial No. 83,399. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, ALBERT RMER, a citizen of the German Empire, residing at Oberdollendorf-on-the-Rhine, in the Province of Rhenish Prussia and Kingdom of Prussiarermany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Treating Textile Fiber and Apparatus Used Therein; and I do hereby ldeclare the following to be a full, clear, and

exact description of the invention such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to an improved machine for treating yarn with alkaline lyes and acids, so as to give it a higher brilliancy, as

is the case in the so-called mercerizingA process. i ing yarn the fiber must be stretched mechan- It is a known fact that inrso treatworking of the machines used in mercerizing' yarn hitherto, and to attain this the new machine is based upon the principle and upon the experience that a certain amount of power is developed during the shrinking and that this power can be stored and made use of to stretch the yarn again before the deformation and deplacement of the cells of the fibers, which has taken placein consequence of the shrinking and after this shrinking action has ceased becomes permanent. Various mechanical equivalent means may be used to carry out this idea into practice, and I do not limit myself, therefore, to the special means shown in the machine described hereinafter, the gist and the principle of the invention being always to store up the power developed by the shrinking-say, for instance, by compressing a spring or by raising 'a weight in a corresponding manner and then to give out this power again to stretch the yarn as soon as 'the shrinking action has ceased.

On the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 shows a side View of the machine. Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the same seen from the left of Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is a plan of the machine.

In the two standards 1 is carried the main shaft 2, to which are keyed the fast and loose pindriving-pulleys 3 and a pinion 4. This ion is in gear with a spur-wheel 5 on shaft G, which is also carried in the frames l, and said shaft 6 carries a pinion 7, which gears'into a wheel 8 on shaft 9, and the wheel Sis in gear with a pinion 10 on the shaft 11. This shaft -11 is carried by levers 12, movably attached at both sides of the frames l upon projections of the shaft 9, and its projections at'both sides of the levers 12 form the upper yarn-rollers 13 of polygonal shape. jection 12a (to the right in Figs. land 3) of the levers 12 carryadjustable counterweights 14e. The wheel 8 also is in gear with a pinion 15 on shaft 16, which also has its bearings in the standards 1 and which carries at both ends right and left of the standards the lower yarn-rollers 17. These rollers lie in. xed bearings, they can only rotate, but they are not movable in any other direction. Below them are arranged the troughs 18, containing the alkaline lye or acidulous liquid.

They are arranged upon pillars 19, guided vertically in sockets 20; In order to raise The rearward proand lower the troughs 18, the pillars 19 are supported by rods 2l, and these are linked at their lower ends to weighted levers 22, havi In front. .of the troughs 18 is arranged upon brackets 25 a long trough 26, and below each yarn-roller 17 is arranged a scoop 27, open at the front end'. These scoops are carried upon stilts 2S, whichare fixed movably upon a rod 29, so that by turning this rod in its bearings 30 the scoops 27 can be moved forward and backward-that is, out of the -way of the troughs 18-which are between these and the lower yarn-roller, when the troughs 18 are lowered. There is further arranged below each lower yarn-roller a squeezing or pressing roller 31, carried in the short arms of bell-crank levers 32, the long arms of which are loaded by heavy weights 33. These bellcrank levers 32 have their fulcrum at 34. y

They press the rollers 31 against the rollers 17, if not hindered by the levers 35, by means of which the weighted lever 32 can be raised, and thus the pressing-rollers 31 pushed away from the yarn-rollers 17.

The long rear arms of thelever 12 are suspended on chains 36, which are laid around chain-wheels 37, keyed to a shaft 38, which also carries a worin-wheel 39, and this is in gear with a worm 40 upon a spindle 41, at the front end of which is fixed a hand-Wheel 42, by means of which the worm and worm-wheel can be turned andthe chains 36 wound on or olf the wheels 37 in order to lower or raise the levers 12.

In order to be able to adj ust and x the distance between the upper and lower yarn-rollers 10 and 17 for certain lengths of hanks in their natural state, a cross-bar 43 is placed crosswise over the levers 12, and to this crossbar are connected the racks 44, which hang down sidewise on the frames, as best seen in Fig. 1. A cam or eccentric 45 and a lever 46 press the rack outward and keep it in gear with a fixed counter-rack 47, which is heldin a bracket 4S upon the outside of the frames l. Said eccentric when turned ninety degrees to the one or other side allows the rack 44 to be freed from the engagement with the counterrack 47, and then it can be moved upward or downward, thereby also allowing the levers 12 to be raised or lowered for a certain fixed minimal distance between the two yarn-rollers 13 and 17.

The working of the machine described is as follo'ws: The yarn-rollers 13 and 17 being set for a certain length of hank and the hank put over them, the trough 18, filled with the alkaline lye or acidulous liquid, is raised so much that if now the machine is set in motion the yarn turned around thereby passes through the liquid. The upper roller 13, being made in section in the shape of a polygon, causes the rotation of the yarn. The lever l2 is accordingly loaded by setting the weight 14 at the proper place upon the lever 12a. The yarn then gradually begins to shrink and the upper yarn-roller is pulled down toward the lower one, thereby raising the weighted lever 12f. The rack 44 has before been freed from the counter-rack 41. This goes on to a certain extent, and when the maximum of shrink` age is attained the rollers and the levers l2 are fixed and held fast in their position. Now the trough 18 is lowered and the scoop 27 is pushed in between the trough and the lower roller 17 and now water is poured over the yarn, so that itis washed out and totally freed from all lye or acid contained therein, and when this is done the rollers are still kept going around and the Weight 14 is now allowed to exert its load upon the yarn, so that this now stretches again (an additional weight may be added to that on thelevers) until it reaches again its original length, which is determined by the chain 36, the rollers 37, the worm and worm-wheel 39 and 40, and the spindle and hand-wheel 41 42, respectively. The water poured over the yarn for washing it out and during the stretching action is taken up by the scoop 27 and led into the trough 26, whence it'is let off by a hole 26L in the bottom of the same.

Having thus described my invention, I declare that what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a machine for treating yarn in hanks with alkaline lyes and acidulous liquids, in combination with standards 1 carryinga driving-shaft 2, fast and loose driving-pulleys 3 on said shaft, a pinion 4 gearing into awheel 5 on a shaft 6 also carried in said standards 1, a pinion 7 on said shaft gearing into a wheel 8 on a shaft 9, double-armed levers 12, 12n fixed movably upon both ends of shaft 9 outside of standards 1, said levers carrying adjustable weights 14 on arms 12 and a shaft 11 at the ends of arms 12, a pinion 10 on shaft 11 gearing into wheel 8 and polygonal rollers 13 at both ends right and left outside of the standards 1; a shaft 16 carried rotatively on standards 1 below the shaft 11, apiuion 15 on said shaft gearing into wheel S and rollers 17 at both ends of shaft 16 below the rollers 13; the whole as described and illustrated and for the purpose set forth. y

2. In a machine for treating yarn in hanks with alkaline lyes and acid ulous liquids stand ards 1, carrying a driving-shaft 2, a pinion 4 on said shaft gearing into a wheel 5 on a shaft 6, a pinion 7 on said shaft 6 gearing into a wheel 8 on a shaft 9, double-armed levers 12, 12a held movably upon both ends of shaft 9 outside of standards 1, said levers carrying adjustable weights 14 on arms 12 and a shaft 11 at the ends of arms 12, a pinion 10 on shaft 11 gearing into wheel 8 and polygonal rollers 13 at the end of shaft 11, a shaft 16 carried rotatively on standards 1 a'pinion 15 on said shaft gearing into wheel 8 and rollers 17 at both ends of shaft in combination with troughs 1S held on pillars 16, said pillars being guided in sockets 2O and made adjustable vertically by counterweighted levers 22 connected to them by rods 26 and a lever 24 fixed to the fulcrum 23 of levers 22; a scoop 27 capable of being pushed in between the rollers 17 and the trough 1S by being held on brackets 28 held pivotally upon a shaft 29, a trough 26 held by brackets 25, the whole as described and illustrated and for the purpose set forth.

In a machine for treating yarn in hanks with alkaline lyes and acidulous liquids, standards 1, carryinga driving-shaft 2, a pinion 4 on said shaft gearing into a Wheel 5 on a shaft 6, a pinion 7 on said shaft 6 gearing into a wheel on a shaft 9, double-armed levers 12, 12a held movably at both ends of shaft9, a shaft 11 carried by said levers, a pinion 10 on shaft 11 gearing into wheel 8, rollers 13 at both ends of shaft 11, a shaft 16 carried by standards 1 below shaft 11 rollers 17 at the ends of shaft 11 below rollers 13, a pinion 15 gearing into wheel 8 and thereby turning around `shaft 16 and rollers 17 in combination with IOO lIO

pressing-rollers '3l pressed v against rollers l17 pinion 4, a pinion 7 on shaft 6 gearing` into a Wheel 8 on a shaft 9 also carried by said standards l a pinion lO on a shaft ll gearing into wheel 8, said shaft ll being carried in weight-y ed levers l2, l2:L havingthe'ir fulcrum in shaft 9,' in combination with chains 36 ked with one end to the arm l2 ofvsaid levers with the .other end 'to a pulley 37 on a Yshaft 38, a lWorm#` wheel 39 keyed to said shaft and gea-ring Ainto a worm 4Q on a spindle llfor turning'the worm and worm-wheel by a hand-'Wheel Zat the 'end of spindle 41 for the sake of lowering and raising lthe weighted lever 1,2EL `the Whole as described and illustrated and for the puriv pose set forth.

In testimony whereof I have affixed InysiiglV nature in presence vof two Witnesses.

Witnesses:

' y OTTO KNIG,

J. A. RITTERHAUS.

lALBERT RMER. 

